Section 2 Definitions
- Chapter
- I · Preliminary
- Amendments
- 7
(1) In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,—
(a) "accessDefined in section 2(a): access with its grammatical variations and cognate expressions means gaining entry into, instructing or communicating with the logical, arithmetical, or memory function resources of a computer, computer system or computer network" with its grammatical variations and cognate expressions means gaining entry into, instructing or communicating with the logical, arithmetical, or memory functionDefined in section 2(u): function, in relation to a computer, includes logic, control, arithmetical process, deletion, storage and retrieval and communication or telecommunication from or within a computer; 3[(ua) Indian Computer Emergency Response Team means an agency established under sub section (1) of Section 70B;] resources of a computerDefined in section 2(i): computer means any electronic, magnetic, optical or other high speed data processing device or system which performs logical, arithmetic, and memory functions by manipulations of electronic, magnetic or optical impulses, and includes all input, output, processing, storage, computer software or communication faciliti..., computer systemDefined in section 2(l): computer system means a device or collection of devices, including input and output support devices and excluding calculators which are not programmable and capable of being used in conjunction with external files, which contain computer programmes, electronic instructions, input data and output data, that performs ... or computerDefined in section 2(i): computer means any electronic, magnetic, optical or other high speed data processing device or system which performs logical, arithmetic, and memory functions by manipulations of electronic, magnetic or optical impulses, and includes all input, output, processing, storage, computer software or communication faciliti... network;
(b) "addresseeDefined in section 2(b): addressee means a person who is intended by the originator to receive the electronic record but does not include any intermediary" means a person who is intended by the originator to receive the electronic recordDefined in section 2(t): electronic record means data, record or data generated, image or sound stored, received or sent in an electronic form or micro film or computer generated micro fiche; 3[(ta) electronic signature means authentication of any electronic record by a subscriber by means of the electronic technique specified in the Second... but does not include any intermediary;
(c) "adjudicating officerDefined in section 2(c): adjudicating officer means an adjudicating officer appointed under sub section (1) of section 46" means an adjudicating officerDefined in section 2(c): adjudicating officer means an adjudicating officer appointed under sub section (1) of section 46 appointed under sub-section (1) of section 46;
(d) "affixing digital signatureSubstituted by Information Technology (Amendment) Act, 2008, s. 2, dated 5th February, 2009, with effect from 27 October 2009. Earlier read: "digital signature"electronic signature" with its grammatical variations and cognate expressions means adoption of any methodology or procedure by a person for the purpose of authenticating an electronic recordDefined in section 2(t): electronic record means data, record or data generated, image or sound stored, received or sent in an electronic form or micro film or computer generated micro fiche; 3[(ta) electronic signature means authentication of any electronic record by a subscriber by means of the electronic technique specified in the Second... by means of digital signatureSubstituted by Information Technology (Amendment) Act, 2008, s. 2, dated 5th February, 2009, with effect from 27 October 2009. Earlier read: "digital signature"electronic signature;
Clause (da) inserted by Finance Act, 2017, s. 169, dated 31st March, 2017, with effect from 26 May 2017(da) "Appellate Tribunal" means the Appellate Tribunal referred to in sub-section (1) of section 48;
(e) "appropriate GovernmentDefined in section 2(e): appropriate Government means as respects any matter,— (i) enumerated in List II of the Seventh Schedule to the Constitution; (ii) relating to any State law enacted under List III of the Seventh Schedule to the Constitution, the State Government and in any other case, the Central Government" means as respects any matter,—
(i) enumerated in List II of the Seventh Schedule to the Constitution;
(ii) relating to any State lawDefined in section 2(y): law includes any Act of Parliament or of a State Legislature, Ordinances promulgated by the President or a Governor, as the case may be, Regulations made by the President under article 240, Bills enacted as President's Act under sub clause (a) of clause (1) of article 357 of the Constitution and includes rules, regu... enacted under List III of the Seventh Schedule to the Constitution,
the State Government and in any other case, the Central Government;
(f) "asymmetric crypto systemDefined in section 2(f): asymmetric crypto system means a system of a secure key pair consisting of a private key for creating a digital signature and a public key to verify the digital signature" means a system of a secure key pairDefined in section 2(x): key pair, in an asymmetric crypto system, means a private key and its mathematically related public key, which are so related that the public key can verify a digital signature created by the private key consisting of a private key for creating a digital signatureDefined in section 2(p): digital signature means authentication of any electronic record by a subscriber by means of an electronic method or procedure in accordance with the provisions of section 3 and a public key to verify the digital signatureDefined in section 2(p): digital signature means authentication of any electronic record by a subscriber by means of an electronic method or procedure in accordance with the provisions of section 3;
(g) "Certifying AuthorityDefined in section 2(g): Certifying Authority means a person who has been granted a licence to issue a 1[electronic signature] Certificate under section 24" means a person who has been granted a licenceDefined in section 2(z): licence means a licence granted to a Certifying Authority under section 24; (za) originator means a person who sends, generates, stores or transmits any electronic message or causes any electronic message to be sent, generated, stored or transmitted to any other person but does not include an intermediary; (zb) pres... to issue a digital signatureSubstituted by Information Technology (Amendment) Act, 2008, s. 2, dated 5th February, 2009, with effect from 27 October 2009. Earlier read: "digital signature"electronic signature Certificate under section 24;
(h) "certification practice statementDefined in section 2(h): certification practice statement means a statement issued by a Certifying Authority to specify the practices that the Certifying Authority employs in issuing 1[electronic signature] Certificates; 3[(ha) communication device means cell phones, personal digital assistance or combination of both or any other device use..." means a statement issued by a Certifying AuthorityDefined in section 2(g): Certifying Authority means a person who has been granted a licence to issue a 1[electronic signature] Certificate under section 24 to specify the practices that the Certifying AuthorityDefined in section 2(g): Certifying Authority means a person who has been granted a licence to issue a 1[electronic signature] Certificate under section 24 employs in issuing digital signatureSubstituted by Information Technology (Amendment) Act, 2008, s. 2, dated 5th February, 2009, with effect from 27 October 2009. Earlier read: "digital signature"electronic signature Certificates;
Inserted by Information Technology (Amendment) Act, 2008, s. 4, dated 5th February, 2009, with effect from 27 October 2009(ha) "communication device" means cell phones, personal digital assistance or combination of both or any other device used to communicate, send or transmit any text, video, audio or image;
(i) "computerDefined in section 2(i): computer means any electronic, magnetic, optical or other high speed data processing device or system which performs logical, arithmetic, and memory functions by manipulations of electronic, magnetic or optical impulses, and includes all input, output, processing, storage, computer software or communication faciliti..." means any electronic, magnetic, optical or other high-speed dataDefined in section 2(o): data means a representation of information, knowledge, facts, concepts or instructions which are being prepared or have been prepared in a formalised manner, and is intended to be processed, is being processed or has been processed in a computer system or computer network, and may be in any form (including computer ... processing device or system which performs logical, arithmetic, and memory functions by manipulations of electronic, magnetic or optical impulses, and includes all input, output, processing, storage, computerDefined in section 2(i): computer means any electronic, magnetic, optical or other high speed data processing device or system which performs logical, arithmetic, and memory functions by manipulations of electronic, magnetic or optical impulses, and includes all input, output, processing, storage, computer software or communication faciliti... software or communication facilities which are connected or related to the computerDefined in section 2(i): computer means any electronic, magnetic, optical or other high speed data processing device or system which performs logical, arithmetic, and memory functions by manipulations of electronic, magnetic or optical impulses, and includes all input, output, processing, storage, computer software or communication faciliti... in a computer systemDefined in section 2(l): computer system means a device or collection of devices, including input and output support devices and excluding calculators which are not programmable and capable of being used in conjunction with external files, which contain computer programmes, electronic instructions, input data and output data, that performs ... or computerDefined in section 2(i): computer means any electronic, magnetic, optical or other high speed data processing device or system which performs logical, arithmetic, and memory functions by manipulations of electronic, magnetic or optical impulses, and includes all input, output, processing, storage, computer software or communication faciliti... network;
Substituted by Information Technology (Amendment) Act, 2008, s. 4, dated 5th February, 2009, with effect from 27 October 2009. Earlier read: "clause (j)"(j) "computerDefined in section 2(i): computer means any electronic, magnetic, optical or other high speed data processing device or system which performs logical, arithmetic, and memory functions by manipulations of electronic, magnetic or optical impulses, and includes all input, output, processing, storage, computer software or communication faciliti... network" means the inter-connection of one or more computers or computerDefined in section 2(i): computer means any electronic, magnetic, optical or other high speed data processing device or system which performs logical, arithmetic, and memory functions by manipulations of electronic, magnetic or optical impulses, and includes all input, output, processing, storage, computer software or communication faciliti... systems or communication device through—
Substituted by Information Technology (Amendment) Act, 2008, s. 4, dated 5th February, 2009, with effect from 27 October 2009. Earlier read: "clause (j)"(i) the use of satellite, microwave, terrestrial line, wire, wireless or other communication media; and
Substituted by Information Technology (Amendment) Act, 2008, s. 4, dated 5th February, 2009, with effect from 27 October 2009. Earlier read: "clause (j)"(ii) terminals or a complex consisting of two or more inter-connected computers or communication device whether or not the inter-connection is continuously maintained;
(k) "computer resourceDefined in section 2(k): computer resource means computer, computer system, computer network, data, computer data base or software" means computerDefined in section 2(i): computer means any electronic, magnetic, optical or other high speed data processing device or system which performs logical, arithmetic, and memory functions by manipulations of electronic, magnetic or optical impulses, and includes all input, output, processing, storage, computer software or communication faciliti..., computer systemDefined in section 2(l): computer system means a device or collection of devices, including input and output support devices and excluding calculators which are not programmable and capable of being used in conjunction with external files, which contain computer programmes, electronic instructions, input data and output data, that performs ..., computerDefined in section 2(i): computer means any electronic, magnetic, optical or other high speed data processing device or system which performs logical, arithmetic, and memory functions by manipulations of electronic, magnetic or optical impulses, and includes all input, output, processing, storage, computer software or communication faciliti... network, dataDefined in section 2(o): data means a representation of information, knowledge, facts, concepts or instructions which are being prepared or have been prepared in a formalised manner, and is intended to be processed, is being processed or has been processed in a computer system or computer network, and may be in any form (including computer ..., computerDefined in section 2(i): computer means any electronic, magnetic, optical or other high speed data processing device or system which performs logical, arithmetic, and memory functions by manipulations of electronic, magnetic or optical impulses, and includes all input, output, processing, storage, computer software or communication faciliti... dataDefined in section 2(o): data means a representation of information, knowledge, facts, concepts or instructions which are being prepared or have been prepared in a formalised manner, and is intended to be processed, is being processed or has been processed in a computer system or computer network, and may be in any form (including computer ... base or software;
(l) "computer systemDefined in section 2(l): computer system means a device or collection of devices, including input and output support devices and excluding calculators which are not programmable and capable of being used in conjunction with external files, which contain computer programmes, electronic instructions, input data and output data, that performs ..." means a device or collection of devices, including input and output support devices and excluding calculators which are not programmable and capable of being used in conjunction with external files, which contain computerDefined in section 2(i): computer means any electronic, magnetic, optical or other high speed data processing device or system which performs logical, arithmetic, and memory functions by manipulations of electronic, magnetic or optical impulses, and includes all input, output, processing, storage, computer software or communication faciliti... programmes, electronic instructions, input dataDefined in section 2(o): data means a representation of information, knowledge, facts, concepts or instructions which are being prepared or have been prepared in a formalised manner, and is intended to be processed, is being processed or has been processed in a computer system or computer network, and may be in any form (including computer ... and output dataDefined in section 2(o): data means a representation of information, knowledge, facts, concepts or instructions which are being prepared or have been prepared in a formalised manner, and is intended to be processed, is being processed or has been processed in a computer system or computer network, and may be in any form (including computer ..., that performs logic, arithmetic, dataDefined in section 2(o): data means a representation of information, knowledge, facts, concepts or instructions which are being prepared or have been prepared in a formalised manner, and is intended to be processed, is being processed or has been processed in a computer system or computer network, and may be in any form (including computer ... storage and retrieval, communication control and other functions;
(m) "ControllerDefined in section 2(m): Controller means the Controller of Certifying Authorities appointed under sub section (1) of section 17; 5* * * * * 3[(na) cyber cafe means any facility from where access to the internet is offered by any person in the ordinary course of business to the members of the public; (nb) cyber security means protecting inf..." means the ControllerDefined in section 2(m): Controller means the Controller of Certifying Authorities appointed under sub section (1) of section 17; 5* * * * * 3[(na) cyber cafe means any facility from where access to the internet is offered by any person in the ordinary course of business to the members of the public; (nb) cyber security means protecting inf... of Certifying Authorities appointed under sub-section (1) of section 17;
Inserted by Information Technology (Amendment) Act, 2008, s. 4, dated 5th February, 2009, with effect from 27 October 2009(na) "cyber cafe" means any facility from where accessDefined in section 2(a): access with its grammatical variations and cognate expressions means gaining entry into, instructing or communicating with the logical, arithmetical, or memory function resources of a computer, computer system or computer network to the internet is offered by any person in the ordinary course of business to the members of the public;
Inserted by Information Technology (Amendment) Act, 2008, s. 4, dated 5th February, 2009, with effect from 27 October 2009(nb) "cyber security" means protecting informationDefined in section 2(v): information includes 6[data, message, text,] images, sound, voice, codes, computer programmes, software and data bases or micro film or computer generated micro fiche; 7[(w) intermediary, with respect to any particular electronic records, means any person who on behalf of another person receives, stores or transmits..., equipment, devices, computerDefined in section 2(i): computer means any electronic, magnetic, optical or other high speed data processing device or system which performs logical, arithmetic, and memory functions by manipulations of electronic, magnetic or optical impulses, and includes all input, output, processing, storage, computer software or communication faciliti..., computer resourceDefined in section 2(k): computer resource means computer, computer system, computer network, data, computer data base or software, communication device and informationDefined in section 2(v): information includes 6[data, message, text,] images, sound, voice, codes, computer programmes, software and data bases or micro film or computer generated micro fiche; 7[(w) intermediary, with respect to any particular electronic records, means any person who on behalf of another person receives, stores or transmits... stored therein from unauthorised accessDefined in section 2(a): access with its grammatical variations and cognate expressions means gaining entry into, instructing or communicating with the logical, arithmetical, or memory function resources of a computer, computer system or computer network, use, disclosure, disruption, modification or destruction;
(o) "dataDefined in section 2(o): data means a representation of information, knowledge, facts, concepts or instructions which are being prepared or have been prepared in a formalised manner, and is intended to be processed, is being processed or has been processed in a computer system or computer network, and may be in any form (including computer ..." means a representation of informationDefined in section 2(v): information includes 6[data, message, text,] images, sound, voice, codes, computer programmes, software and data bases or micro film or computer generated micro fiche; 7[(w) intermediary, with respect to any particular electronic records, means any person who on behalf of another person receives, stores or transmits..., knowledge, facts, concepts or instructions which are being prepared or have been prepared in a formalised manner, and is intended to be processed, is being processed or has been processed in a computer systemDefined in section 2(l): computer system means a device or collection of devices, including input and output support devices and excluding calculators which are not programmable and capable of being used in conjunction with external files, which contain computer programmes, electronic instructions, input data and output data, that performs ... or computerDefined in section 2(i): computer means any electronic, magnetic, optical or other high speed data processing device or system which performs logical, arithmetic, and memory functions by manipulations of electronic, magnetic or optical impulses, and includes all input, output, processing, storage, computer software or communication faciliti... network, and may be in any form (including computerDefined in section 2(i): computer means any electronic, magnetic, optical or other high speed data processing device or system which performs logical, arithmetic, and memory functions by manipulations of electronic, magnetic or optical impulses, and includes all input, output, processing, storage, computer software or communication faciliti... printouts magnetic or optical storage media, punched cards, punched tapes) or stored internally in the memory of the computerDefined in section 2(i): computer means any electronic, magnetic, optical or other high speed data processing device or system which performs logical, arithmetic, and memory functions by manipulations of electronic, magnetic or optical impulses, and includes all input, output, processing, storage, computer software or communication faciliti...;
(p) "digital signatureDefined in section 2(p): digital signature means authentication of any electronic record by a subscriber by means of an electronic method or procedure in accordance with the provisions of section 3" means authentication of any electronic recordDefined in section 2(t): electronic record means data, record or data generated, image or sound stored, received or sent in an electronic form or micro film or computer generated micro fiche; 3[(ta) electronic signature means authentication of any electronic record by a subscriber by means of the electronic technique specified in the Second... by a subscriber by means of an electronic method or procedure in accordance with the provisions of section 3;
(q) "Digital Signature CertificateDefined in section 2(q): Digital Signature Certificate means a Digital Signature Certificate issued under sub section (4) of section 35" means a Digital Signature CertificateDefined in section 2(q): Digital Signature Certificate means a Digital Signature Certificate issued under sub section (4) of section 35 issued under sub-section (4) of section 35;
(r) "electronic formDefined in section 2(r): electronic form with reference to information, means any information generated, sent, received or stored in media, magnetic, optical, computer memory, micro film, computer generated micro fiche or similar device" with reference to informationDefined in section 2(v): information includes 6[data, message, text,] images, sound, voice, codes, computer programmes, software and data bases or micro film or computer generated micro fiche; 7[(w) intermediary, with respect to any particular electronic records, means any person who on behalf of another person receives, stores or transmits..., means any informationDefined in section 2(v): information includes 6[data, message, text,] images, sound, voice, codes, computer programmes, software and data bases or micro film or computer generated micro fiche; 7[(w) intermediary, with respect to any particular electronic records, means any person who on behalf of another person receives, stores or transmits... generated, sent, received or stored in media, magnetic, optical, computerDefined in section 2(i): computer means any electronic, magnetic, optical or other high speed data processing device or system which performs logical, arithmetic, and memory functions by manipulations of electronic, magnetic or optical impulses, and includes all input, output, processing, storage, computer software or communication faciliti... memory, micro film, computerDefined in section 2(i): computer means any electronic, magnetic, optical or other high speed data processing device or system which performs logical, arithmetic, and memory functions by manipulations of electronic, magnetic or optical impulses, and includes all input, output, processing, storage, computer software or communication faciliti... generated micro fiche or similar device;
(s) "Electronic GazetteDefined in section 2(s): Electronic Gazette means the Official Gazette published in the electronic form" means the Official Gazette published in the electronic formDefined in section 2(r): electronic form with reference to information, means any information generated, sent, received or stored in media, magnetic, optical, computer memory, micro film, computer generated micro fiche or similar device;
(t) "electronic recordDefined in section 2(t): electronic record means data, record or data generated, image or sound stored, received or sent in an electronic form or micro film or computer generated micro fiche; 3[(ta) electronic signature means authentication of any electronic record by a subscriber by means of the electronic technique specified in the Second..." means dataDefined in section 2(o): data means a representation of information, knowledge, facts, concepts or instructions which are being prepared or have been prepared in a formalised manner, and is intended to be processed, is being processed or has been processed in a computer system or computer network, and may be in any form (including computer ..., record or dataDefined in section 2(o): data means a representation of information, knowledge, facts, concepts or instructions which are being prepared or have been prepared in a formalised manner, and is intended to be processed, is being processed or has been processed in a computer system or computer network, and may be in any form (including computer ... generated, image or sound stored, received or sent in an electronic formDefined in section 2(r): electronic form with reference to information, means any information generated, sent, received or stored in media, magnetic, optical, computer memory, micro film, computer generated micro fiche or similar device or micro film or computerDefined in section 2(i): computer means any electronic, magnetic, optical or other high speed data processing device or system which performs logical, arithmetic, and memory functions by manipulations of electronic, magnetic or optical impulses, and includes all input, output, processing, storage, computer software or communication faciliti... generated micro fiche;
Inserted by Information Technology (Amendment) Act, 2008, s. 4, dated 5th February, 2009, with effect from 27 October 2009(ta) "electronic signature" means authentication of any electronic recordDefined in section 2(t): electronic record means data, record or data generated, image or sound stored, received or sent in an electronic form or micro film or computer generated micro fiche; 3[(ta) electronic signature means authentication of any electronic record by a subscriber by means of the electronic technique specified in the Second... by a subscriber by means of the electronic technique specified in the Second Schedule and includes digital signatureDefined in section 2(p): digital signature means authentication of any electronic record by a subscriber by means of an electronic method or procedure in accordance with the provisions of section 3;
Inserted by Information Technology (Amendment) Act, 2008, s. 4, dated 5th February, 2009, with effect from 27 October 2009(tb) "Electronic Signature Certificate" means an Electronic Signature Certificate issued under section 35 and includes Digital Signature CertificateDefined in section 2(q): Digital Signature Certificate means a Digital Signature Certificate issued under sub section (4) of section 35;
(u) "functionDefined in section 2(u): function, in relation to a computer, includes logic, control, arithmetical process, deletion, storage and retrieval and communication or telecommunication from or within a computer; 3[(ua) Indian Computer Emergency Response Team means an agency established under sub section (1) of Section 70B;]", in relation to a computerDefined in section 2(i): computer means any electronic, magnetic, optical or other high speed data processing device or system which performs logical, arithmetic, and memory functions by manipulations of electronic, magnetic or optical impulses, and includes all input, output, processing, storage, computer software or communication faciliti..., includes logic, control, arithmetical process, deletion, storage and retrieval and communication or telecommunication from or within a computerDefined in section 2(i): computer means any electronic, magnetic, optical or other high speed data processing device or system which performs logical, arithmetic, and memory functions by manipulations of electronic, magnetic or optical impulses, and includes all input, output, processing, storage, computer software or communication faciliti...;
Inserted by Information Technology (Amendment) Act, 2008, s. 4, dated 5th February, 2009, with effect from 27 October 2009(ua) "Indian ComputerDefined in section 2(i): computer means any electronic, magnetic, optical or other high speed data processing device or system which performs logical, arithmetic, and memory functions by manipulations of electronic, magnetic or optical impulses, and includes all input, output, processing, storage, computer software or communication faciliti... Emergency Response Team" means an agency established under sub-section (1) of Section 70B;
(v) "informationDefined in section 2(v): information includes 6[data, message, text,] images, sound, voice, codes, computer programmes, software and data bases or micro film or computer generated micro fiche; 7[(w) intermediary, with respect to any particular electronic records, means any person who on behalf of another person receives, stores or transmits..." includes data, textSubstituted by Information Technology (Amendment) Act, 2008, s. 4, dated 5th February, 2009, with effect from 27 October 2009. Earlier read: "data, text"dataDefined in section 2(o): data means a representation of information, knowledge, facts, concepts or instructions which are being prepared or have been prepared in a formalised manner, and is intended to be processed, is being processed or has been processed in a computer system or computer network, and may be in any form (including computer ..., message, text, images, sound, voice, codes, computerDefined in section 2(i): computer means any electronic, magnetic, optical or other high speed data processing device or system which performs logical, arithmetic, and memory functions by manipulations of electronic, magnetic or optical impulses, and includes all input, output, processing, storage, computer software or communication faciliti... programmes, software and dataDefined in section 2(o): data means a representation of information, knowledge, facts, concepts or instructions which are being prepared or have been prepared in a formalised manner, and is intended to be processed, is being processed or has been processed in a computer system or computer network, and may be in any form (including computer ... bases or micro film or computerDefined in section 2(i): computer means any electronic, magnetic, optical or other high speed data processing device or system which performs logical, arithmetic, and memory functions by manipulations of electronic, magnetic or optical impulses, and includes all input, output, processing, storage, computer software or communication faciliti... generated micro fiche;
Substituted by Information Technology (Amendment) Act, 2008, s. 4, dated 5th February, 2009, with effect from 27 October 2009. Earlier read: "clause (w)"(w) "intermediary", with respect to any particular electronic records, means any person who on behalf of another person receives, stores or transmits that record or provides any service with respect to that record and includes telecom service providers, network service providers, internet service providers, web-hosting service providers, search engines, online payment sites, online-auction sites, online-market places and cyber cafes;
(x) "key pairDefined in section 2(x): key pair, in an asymmetric crypto system, means a private key and its mathematically related public key, which are so related that the public key can verify a digital signature created by the private key", in an asymmetric crypto systemDefined in section 2(f): asymmetric crypto system means a system of a secure key pair consisting of a private key for creating a digital signature and a public key to verify the digital signature, means a private key and its mathematically related public key, which are so related that the public key can verify a digital signatureDefined in section 2(p): digital signature means authentication of any electronic record by a subscriber by means of an electronic method or procedure in accordance with the provisions of section 3 created by the private key;
(y) "lawDefined in section 2(y): law includes any Act of Parliament or of a State Legislature, Ordinances promulgated by the President or a Governor, as the case may be, Regulations made by the President under article 240, Bills enacted as President's Act under sub clause (a) of clause (1) of article 357 of the Constitution and includes rules, regu..." includes any Act of Parliament or of a State Legislature, Ordinances promulgated by the President or a Governor, as the case may be, Regulations made by the President under article 240, Bills enacted as President's Act under sub-clause (a) of clause (1) of article 357 of the Constitution and includes rules, regulations, bye-laws and orders issued or made thereunder;
(z) "licenceDefined in section 2(z): licence means a licence granted to a Certifying Authority under section 24; (za) originator means a person who sends, generates, stores or transmits any electronic message or causes any electronic message to be sent, generated, stored or transmitted to any other person but does not include an intermediary; (zb) pres..." means a licenceDefined in section 2(z): licence means a licence granted to a Certifying Authority under section 24; (za) originator means a person who sends, generates, stores or transmits any electronic message or causes any electronic message to be sent, generated, stored or transmitted to any other person but does not include an intermediary; (zb) pres... granted to a Certifying AuthorityDefined in section 2(g): Certifying Authority means a person who has been granted a licence to issue a 1[electronic signature] Certificate under section 24 under section 24;
(za) "originator" means a person who sends, generates, stores or transmits any electronic message or causes any electronic message to be sent, generated, stored or transmitted to any other person but does not include an intermediary;
(zb) "prescribed" means prescribed by rules made under this Act;
(zc) "private key" means the key of a key pairDefined in section 2(x): key pair, in an asymmetric crypto system, means a private key and its mathematically related public key, which are so related that the public key can verify a digital signature created by the private key used to create a digital signatureDefined in section 2(p): digital signature means authentication of any electronic record by a subscriber by means of an electronic method or procedure in accordance with the provisions of section 3;
(zd) "public key" means the key of a key pairDefined in section 2(x): key pair, in an asymmetric crypto system, means a private key and its mathematically related public key, which are so related that the public key can verify a digital signature created by the private key used to verify a digital signatureDefined in section 2(p): digital signature means authentication of any electronic record by a subscriber by means of an electronic method or procedure in accordance with the provisions of section 3 and listed in the Digital Signature CertificateDefined in section 2(q): Digital Signature Certificate means a Digital Signature Certificate issued under sub section (4) of section 35;
(ze) "secure system" means computerDefined in section 2(i): computer means any electronic, magnetic, optical or other high speed data processing device or system which performs logical, arithmetic, and memory functions by manipulations of electronic, magnetic or optical impulses, and includes all input, output, processing, storage, computer software or communication faciliti... hardware, software, and procedure that—
(a) are reasonably secure from unauthorised accessDefined in section 2(a): access with its grammatical variations and cognate expressions means gaining entry into, instructing or communicating with the logical, arithmetical, or memory function resources of a computer, computer system or computer network and misuse;
(b) provide a reasonable level of reliability and correct operation;
(c) are reasonably suited to performing the intended functions; and
(d) adhere to generally accepted security procedures;
(zf) "security procedure" means the security procedure prescribed under section 16 by the Central Government;
(zg) "subscriber" means a person in whose name the digital signatureSubstituted by Information Technology (Amendment) Act, 2008, s. 2, dated 5th February, 2009, with effect from 27 October 2009. Earlier read: "digital signature"electronic signature Certificate is issued;
(zh) "verify", in relation to a digital signatureDefined in section 2(p): digital signature means authentication of any electronic record by a subscriber by means of an electronic method or procedure in accordance with the provisions of section 3, electronic recordDefined in section 2(t): electronic record means data, record or data generated, image or sound stored, received or sent in an electronic form or micro film or computer generated micro fiche; 3[(ta) electronic signature means authentication of any electronic record by a subscriber by means of the electronic technique specified in the Second... or public key, with its grammatical variations and cognate expressions, means to determine whether—
(a) the initial electronic recordDefined in section 2(t): electronic record means data, record or data generated, image or sound stored, received or sent in an electronic form or micro film or computer generated micro fiche; 3[(ta) electronic signature means authentication of any electronic record by a subscriber by means of the electronic technique specified in the Second... was affixed with the digital signatureDefined in section 2(p): digital signature means authentication of any electronic record by a subscriber by means of an electronic method or procedure in accordance with the provisions of section 3 by the use of private key corresponding to the public key of the subscriber;
(b) the initial electronic recordDefined in section 2(t): electronic record means data, record or data generated, image or sound stored, received or sent in an electronic form or micro film or computer generated micro fiche; 3[(ta) electronic signature means authentication of any electronic record by a subscriber by means of the electronic technique specified in the Second... is retained intact or has been altered since such electronic recordDefined in section 2(t): electronic record means data, record or data generated, image or sound stored, received or sent in an electronic form or micro film or computer generated micro fiche; 3[(ta) electronic signature means authentication of any electronic record by a subscriber by means of the electronic technique specified in the Second... was so affixed with the digital signatureDefined in section 2(p): digital signature means authentication of any electronic record by a subscriber by means of an electronic method or procedure in accordance with the provisions of section 3.
(2) Any reference in this Act to any enactment or any provision thereof shall, in relation to an area in which such enactment or such provision is not in force, be construed as a reference to the corresponding lawDefined in section 2(y): law includes any Act of Parliament or of a State Legislature, Ordinances promulgated by the President or a Governor, as the case may be, Regulations made by the President under article 240, Bills enacted as President's Act under sub clause (a) of clause (1) of article 357 of the Constitution and includes rules, regu... or the relevant provision of the corresponding lawDefined in section 2(y): law includes any Act of Parliament or of a State Legislature, Ordinances promulgated by the President or a Governor, as the case may be, Regulations made by the President under article 240, Bills enacted as President's Act under sub clause (a) of clause (1) of article 357 of the Constitution and includes rules, regu..., if any, in force in that area.